Estimating post-disaster traffic conditions using real-time data streams

This article presents a technique to determine the effects of an earthquake on road traffic conditions by linking seismic hazard and bridge fragility models with a traffic model and traffic sensor data. Using the earthquake characteristics as an input to the traffic model, the traffic conditions are sequentially estimated given traffic sensor measurements using an ensemble Kalman filter. The proposed algorithm is tested on a numerical experiment on Interstate 155 West near the New Madrid Seismic Zone in New Madrid, Missouri. The results show that the proposed technique improves the post-disaster traffic estimate. The supporting source code and data are available for download at https://github.com/rotsuka/postDisaster_EnKF..     

EEMD在激光测云仪后向散射信号处理中的应用

激光测云仪后向散射信号是典型的非线性、非稳态信号,容易受噪声污染。针对该问题采用集成经验模态分解(EEMD)去噪算法进行处理,首先对含噪信号进行经验模态分解(EMD),将分解后的IMF分量进行自相关性分析,找出含噪占有量较大的IMF分量,对其进行SG(savitzky-golay)滤波,最后将滤波后的IMF分量和剩余分量进行信号的重构。经仿真实验结果表明,与传统的EMD方法相比,EEMD方法处理含噪信号后的输出信噪比提高了1.695 dB,均方误差平均降低了30%以上,说明该方法可以适用于非线性、非稳态的后向散射回波信号去噪处理,能为激光测云仪下一级的云底高度反演提供高信噪比的初始数据。     

基于HALCON的发票号字符识别研究

为了解决人工方式识别发票号效率低下、费时费力的问题,以HALCON软件为平台,对发票号进行识别,首先,对读取的图像进行图像预处理,包括把原图像转化成单通道图像、图像增强、高斯滤波、阈值分割和连通区域分割,然后对预处理后的图像进行数学形态学处理,接着把粘连的数字拆分开,最后用基于多层感知分类器(MLP)对发票号数字进行识别.通过与人工方式的方法对比,结果表明,用基于HALCON的方法,发票号数字能被快速、精确的识别出来,有效的减少了人员的工作量,提高了工作效率.     

改进LMD及高阶模糊度函数的管道泄漏定位

针对天然气管道泄漏定位的问题,提出一种基于改进局域均值分解(LMD)及高阶模糊度函数的时延估计方法。该方法首先采用改进的LMD对声发射信号进行分解,获得多个PF分量,进而提出根据K-L散度的PF分量自动选择算法,获取含有主要泄漏信息的PF分量,在此基础上,研究了基于高阶模糊度函数计算声发射信号的时频参数,并通过时频分析获取特征频率的到达时间差,最后结合泄漏产生的广义声发射信号的传播速度完成对天然气管道泄漏的定位。实验结果表明,提出的方法能够进行定位且精度较直接相关法明显提高。     

一种适用于WAMS量测数据的系统暂态功角稳定评估方法

考虑WAMS量测数据刷新速率快,数据量大的特点,提出了一种适用于WAMS量测数据的暂态功角稳定评估方法。选取初始特征量集并用核主成分分析法对特征集进行降维,过滤冗余特征并降低分类器输入向量的维度。构建训练样本集,计算各样本的初始特征量集并进行降维。通过训练ECVM分类器对暂态功角稳定进行评估,并用测试数据集验证分类器的准确率。在新英格兰10机39节点系统中的仿真表明,所提算法有较高的分类准确率,与传统分类算法相比降低了单个样本评估所需的时间,具有工程使用价值。     

Multivariate statistical process monitoring of batch‐to‐batch startups

In batch processes, multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM) plays an important role for ensuring process safety. However, despite many methods proposed, few of them can be applied to batch‐to‐batch startups. The reason is that, during the startup stage, process data are usually nonstationary and nonidentically distributed from batch to batch. In this article, the trajectory signal of each process variable is decomposed into a series of components corresponding to different frequencies, by adopting a nonparametric signal decomposition technique named ensemble empirical mode decomposition. Then, through instantaneous frequency calculation, these components can be divided into two groups. The first group reflects the long‐term trend between batches, which extracts the batch‐wise nonstationary drift information. The second group corresponds to the short‐term intrabatch variations. The variable trajectory signals reconstructed from the latter fulfills the requirements of conventional MSPM. The feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated using an injection molding process. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3719–3727, 2015     

Visualisierung der Partikelbewegung in einem Abweiseradsichter

In spite of its great importance for the dry classification of fine powders, the processes in deflector wheel classifiers are to a large extent unknown. Therefore, in the present work a commercial available classifier was modified to gain an optical access to the deflector wheel. For the first time, the obtained photographs enable an observation of the gas flow and the particle motion between the blades of the deflector wheel. Especially the importance of particle‐particle‐ and particle‐blade‐collisions could be shown.     

基于证据空间有效性指标的聚类选择性集成

首先针对距离空间在描述数据复杂结构信息方面的不足给出证据空间的概念。然后基于证据空间扩展有效性指标Davies-Bouldin,同时利用聚类成员的类别相关矩阵度量差异性。最后以较高有效性和较大差异性为目标选择聚类成员并用于集成。实验结果显示所提方法能够有效提高聚类集成算法的有效性。     

Classification and assessment of power system static security using decision tree and random forest classifiers

The power system static security classification and assessment is essential in order to identify the post‐contingency problems and take corrective measures and to protect the system from blackout. In this paper, application of two data mining classifiers have been proposed for the security classification and assessment of a multiclass security problem. To design the security problem, contingency analysis is carried out under N‐1 line outage, and static severity index (SSI) is computed, which is a function of the line overload and the voltage deviation using Newton–Raphson load flow method, considering the variable load and generating conditions. Corresponding to the computed values of SSI, the voltage, phase angle, Mega Volt Ampere line flow and so on, a 1 × 7 pattern vector is generated. The generated pattern vectors are used to design a multiclass security problem. The designed security pattern vectors are given as inputs to the decision tree (DT) and random forest (RF) model in order to classify the security status of the power system. The proposed classifiers are investigated on an IEEE 30‐bus test system. The classification accuracy of the DT and the RF are compared with state‐of‐the‐art classifier models, namely, multilayer perceptron (MLP), radial basis function (RBF), and support vector machine (SVM).The simulation results clearly indicate that the proposed DT and RF classifiers are more efficient, reliable, and out performs MLP, RBF, and SVM classifiers for the assessment of the security status of the power system. Hence, DT and RF classifiers are found to be suitable for online implementation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.